Imphal, Feb 16: Centuries-old Ima Keithel in Imphal continues to function as Manipur’s economic backbone despite prolonged unrest and declining trade, with women vendors asserting that the market remains a rare space of unity across communities.
Regarded as the world’s largest all-women-run market, Ima Keithel — also known as the Mothers’ Market — is believed to be over 500 years old, with some accounts tracing its origins to the reign of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba. For generations, women from the hills and the valley have traded side by side, selling vegetables, fish, dairy products, handloom items and traditional goods.
“This market belongs to everyone,” said Nirmala, a senior vendor. “It is not only for Meitei, Naga, Kuki or Meitei Muslim. Women from every community come here, sit together and do business happily.”
A Space Beyond Divisions
Even as ethnic tensions have disrupted life across the state, vendors say the market floor reflects coexistence rather than division. Many women insist that within the market, they see one another not through community lines but as fellow Imas — mothers striving to support their families.
“We lived like a family here,” Nirmala recalled. “We want to see that picture again fully restored.”
The market’s importance extends beyond symbolism. It remains central to household incomes across Manipur, with many traders serving as primary earners who fund education and daily expenses through small-scale commerce.
Ibemcha, who sells curd, milk and honey, has been trading at the market since before the COVID-19 pandemic. The plot she occupies once belonged to her mother, reflecting a generational continuity that defines much of Ima Keithel’s structure.
“Before the violence began in the state, market activity was strong. However, customer traffic has slowed,” she said. “Now, from what I earn here, I can support my family to some extent.”
Economic Strain and Changing Dynamics
Elderly vendors say the market has helped educate officers, doctors and other professionals over the decades. However, economic challenges have intensified following months of unrest. Transport disruptions and highway blockades have increased costs, leading to higher prices even as footfall has declined.
“Prices are rising, customers are fewer, and selling has become harder,” Nirmala said.
Vendors also note that goods were once sold in designated sections — curd sellers in one area, vegetable vendors in another — but the system has since become mixed. Many traders express a desire for better organisation, improved infrastructure and policy support to stabilise business while preserving the market’s historic character.
Legacy of Collective Strength
Ima Keithel is closely linked to Manipur’s political history, particularly the Nupi Lan movements, when women led protests against colonial policies and injustice. The collective strength rooted in the market continues to shape its identity.
“Whenever there is a critical issue in Manipur, women take an active role,” Nirmala said. “Women are always at the forefront.”
In recent years, educated women and retired professionals have also joined the market, reflecting social change while retaining tradition. Vendors are urging authorities to strengthen systems within the market and safeguard its identity, while encouraging younger generations to carry forward its legacy.
“We want the younger generation to follow the footsteps of the past Imas,” an elderly vendor said. “They must preserve this market and keep its unity alive.”
As Manipur navigates ongoing instability, Ima Keithel remains operational — sustained by women who see trade not merely as livelihood, but as a living expression of unity and resilience.
